Longman's Green and Co., New York, Note on some points in the anatomy of an Australian Duck (, Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. When the penis is flaccid it can store it curled up inside the cloaca. At maximum extent, the everted penis can be no longer than one-half the circumference of the loop, or a distance equivalent to the distance from the base to the head of the loop (see Fig. ; see Marchant and Higgins 1990). Habitat/Range: - Marshes, lakes, and pools in southern South America - Argentina, and Chile, but some may winter in south-eastern Brazil, and Paraguay. Several groups of birds, including ratites, screamers, waterfowl, and cracids, possess well-developed male copulatory organs (Forbes 1882, King 1981, Lake 1981). Why has such a large spiny penis developed (or been maintained) in this particular species? Mass of the two testes combined averaged 10.8 ± 3.1 g (range 8.2 to 15.6 g), or 1.7 ± 0.5% of total body mass (range 1.4 to 2.4%). 1B). comm. Mean body mass was 630 ± SD of 24 g (range 600 to 650 g). I was not able to identify the opening of the sperm duct, so the question remains unanswered. In fact, when extended, the usually coiled penis of the Argentine lake duck is longer than the bird itself. 1983; but see Dunn et al. Its penis is a whopping 17 inches long, proportionally the longest of all vertebrates. The inner surface is not visible in this conformation but forms a hollow tube running the entire internal length of the penis. The presence of a well-developed penis in many dabbling and diving ducks may derive in part from their tendency to copulate in the water (Lake 1981). 1F). Trainer lessicale, tabelle di coniugazione verbi, funzione di pronuncia gratis. Mike Grogan offered assistance in the field, and Rich Olsen loaned a shotgun. The lowland counterpart to the very similar Andean Duck; the two species may occur together in a few places, but Andean Duck is rare in lowlands, where Lake Duck is the default species. The penis of the lake duck is a long corkscrew. 1A). Postcopulatory preening of the penis, likewise, appears to be common in both species (P. J. Fullagar and B. Brua pers. Appearance: Male - The male Lake Duck in breeding season has a deep chestnut body, a black head and neck, a blue beak, brown eyes, whitish abdomen, grey tail, dark-brown wings, and the legs and feet are dark grey. Another example of well-equipped males is the Argentine Lake Duck (Oxyura vittata). The penis of the Argentine Lake Duck measures approximately half the body length and exhibits proportions comparable to those found in fleas and some nematodes and flies; male genitalia in these invertebrates often exceed the length of the body and can be the most structurally complex organs in the entire body (Hyman 1951, Thornhill and Alcock 1983). Die männliches Begattungsorgane der Hausente. Lake Duck Oxyura vittata (Philippi, 1860) kingdom Animalia - animals » phylum Chordata - chordates » class Aves - birds » order Anseriformes » family Anatidae - ducks, geese and swans » genus Oxyura Fairly common locally on lakes with surrounding reeds and wetlands with open water; spends much time sleeping. Male - The male Lake Duck in breeding season has a deep chestnut body, a black head and neck, a blue beak, brown eyes, whitish abdomen, grey tail, dark-brown wings, and the legs and feet are dark grey. Kevin G. McCracken, The 20-cm Spiny Penis of the Argentine Lake Duck (Oxyura vittata), The Auk, Volume 117, Issue 3, 1 July 2000, Pages 820–825, https://doi.org/10.1093/auk/117.3.820. The male duck (or drake) has a black head, reddish-brown body, and blue bill. Dual function of the damselfly penis: Sperm removal and transfer. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide, This PDF is available to Subscribers Only. Manual eversion beyond a couple centimeters, however, was not possible. Other birds lack sperm ducts in their penes, and instead rely on spiral grooves to channel the flow of sperm. The lake duck's penis is corkscrew-shaped and retracts into the abdomen when not required. Is it a coincidence that such a large structure has evolved in a diving duck with high wing loading that rarely flies? ARGENTINE LAKE DUCK Oxyura vittata by: Paula Marie A. Cruz Classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Aves Order: Anseriformes Family: Anatidae Genus: Oxyura Species: O. vittata Habitat shallow freshwater lakes marshes Diet Penis of a male lake duck Generally eats North American scientists have discovered the longest bird penis ever - a 42.5cm organ belonging to a duck. Leigh-Sharpe 1922, Simmons and Siva-Jothy 1998). obs., R. B Brau pers. At the base of the penis (outer sheath), the spines are numerous, large, well developed, and sharp. The Argentine lake duck (Oxyura vittata) from South America boasts the longest duck penis ever recorded. Transactions of the North American Wildlife Conference, The invertebrates: Platyhelminthes and Rhynchocoela, Ruddy Ducks and other stifftails: Their biology and behavior, A.S. King, J. McClelland Eds. James Briskie, Bob Brua, Chris Coker, Peter Dunn, Peter Fullagar, William Johnson, Bob Montgomerie, Fred Sheldon, and two anonymous reviewers made helpful comments on the manuscript. In the case of the diminutive Argentine lake duck, the penis is longer than the duck itself—more than sixteen inches. Manually everting the organ in its erect conformation proved impossible given the absence of a vascular eversion mechanism (King 1981). Spine density is highest on the ventral side of the penis, and their angles are such that I believe they embed into and clasp the wall of the female cloaca at the point of insertion, whereby the male may evert the remaining length of the penis. While 18 inches is the longest pig penis ever observed in nature, their genitalia usually hovers around the 9- to 12-inch range. Sperm-removal tactics of this type occur in various elasmobranch fishes and insects (e.g. In most instances, the everted penis is clearly visible prior to and after copulation (D. K. Rushton and P. J. Fullagar pers. Pair bonds that have been observed probably reflect nothing more than short-term relationships for copulation or mate guarding. Mass (± 50 g) of each bird was measured at the time of collection. Besides having an extremely long corkscrewed penis, the head of the penis is also has bristle tips.   Least Concern. Lake Duck at WWT Slimbridge. However, longitudinal dissection and subsequent inversion of the outer surface to view the inner surface revealed what is believed to be a close approximation of the everted, but nonetheless flaccid conformation (see below). Other sources of information, likewise, suggest that conventional pair bonds do not exist in this group (Matthews and Evans 1974, Siegfried 1976, Ladhams 1977, Gray 1980, Marchant and Higgins 1990). D. A.McClellan, and Once the season ends, the penis begins to shrink and regress until it’s 10 per cent of its full-grown size. Huge collection, amazing choice, 100+ million high quality, affordable RF and RM images. Male bowerbirds … Dissection and preparation of the Argentine Lake Duck's penis reveal a massive structure (approximately equal in length to the Ostrich penis) with a peculiar array of dense spines running the entire length of the organ. This is … No need to register, buy now! A guide to the snake hemipenis: A survey of basic structure and systematic characteristics. Similar causal mechanisms also might be postulated for the relative mass of the testes in this species, which ranks among the top 18% of birds (Møller 1991, P. Dunn unpubl. Mechanical eversion of the penis in its erect conformation was not possible given its unusual length and narrow width. Longitudinal dissection and examination of ornamentation patterns corroborate this hypothesis (Fig. However, the extent to which female choice has factored importantly in development of this trait is unknown. Sperm competition in insects: Mechanisms and the potential for selection. , likewise, appears to be common in both species ( P. J. Fullagar and B. pers. Both species ( P. J. Fullagar pers has factored importantly in development of type... Huge collection, amazing choice, 100+ million high quality, affordable RF and RM images or Ruddy! 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