The mean temperature varies from a chilly low of 16ºC in Nuwara - Eliya in the Central Highlands, where even frosting might occur for several days in the winter, to a high of 32oC in Trincomalee on the northeast coast. However the average More than 60% of the 306 tree species that are endemic to Sri Lanka are found only in the lowland rainforests and some more are shared with montane and dry zone forests. climatic zones of Sri Lanka is provided in this article. Lying in the equatorial and tropical zone, Sri Lanka is influenced by the monsoons, allowing four distinct seasons. The Country‐ An i. sland nation. Temperature and precipitation could be singled out as the two most important climatic factors of the island. Sri Lanka’s climate is tropical and consists of distinct wet and dry seasons. 0000001728 00000 n The island is traditionally divided into three climatic zones viz. • 3 climatic zones – Dry zone, Intermediate zone & Wet zone Climatic zones of Sri Lanka Sun & Moon Today ; Sunrise & Sunset ; Moonrise & Moonset ; Moon Phases ; Eclipses ; Night Sky ; Weather Today Weather Hourly 14 Day Forecast Yesterday/Past Weather Climate (Averages) Currently: 86 °F. Natural Disasters in Sri Lanka A natural disaster is a destructive force that may occur within a short period of time. In: Evans A, Jinapala K (eds) Proceedings of the national conference on water, food security and climate change in Sri Lanka, International Water Management Institute (IWMI), Colombo, 9–11 June 2009, pp 147–156 Google Scholar Sri Lanka’s lowland rainforests covering 2.1% of the land area harbour many endemic and threatened species. Annual and four temporal seasons: Southwest monsoon (SWM), Northeast monsoon (NEM), First Inter-monsoon (FIM) and Second Inter-monsoon (SIM) were used for the analysis. �F�[��_�}(*�"Gtl����S�6�l��,�ƭ��W�46��������=(⤲"A�(���¸%w���zWwu���}�{������nf!V�U��$��2I�ѤBG��4R�YJ�:$�. Duplicate citations. Lanka covers a wide range of soil types and climatic zones, on the basis of which the island is divided into several agrodimatic zones (Fig. maximum length is 437 km and width is 225 km. The difference of elevation also influences temperature variation; it is always hot in the lowland and it gets cooler when reaching the higher altitudes. 1-4. Due to the location of Sri Lanka, within the tropics between 5° 55' to 9° 51' North latitude and between 79° 42' to 81° 53' East longitude, the climate of the island could be characterized as tropical. Both these are very similar to those of India’s Western Ghats. These different climatic zones constitute a unique natural feature of the country. The following articles are merged in Scholar. These six sites were selected based on the availability of long-term crop production data and meteorological data. 2. Ł Coastal Area : 1660 Km. This report presents the development of the bioclimatic chart for Sri Lanka. The average rainfall patterns during each monsoon seasons are showed in the figure 1. 488 0 obj<>stream First Inter-monsoon Season (March – April)– Thunderstorm type rainfall with warm and uncomfortable conditions Southwest-Monsoon Season (May – September)– The warm season is eased away by the windy weather during this particular monsoon season. Date: 20 February 2016: Source: Derived from World Köppen Classification (with authors).svg. The Sri Lankan Relict Ant in Aneuretinae has many records in the wet zone and two records in the intermediate zone. I focus here on the OSFs of the Wet Zone because Sri Lanka’s rich and fascinating endemic biota (fauna and flora) is overwhelmingly concentrated in this zone. Sri Lanka is an island in the Indian Ocean, located to the south of Indian Subcontinent. Average Temperature sprawling over the area of 65,525 Sq. Merged citations. Generally speaking, the coastal areas of Sri Lanka enjoy temperatures averaging 28°C (82°F) while the upland areas are cooler and more temperate, with a yearly average around 16-20°C (60-68°F). Best beaches line along the southern coast, southwestern coast and eastern coast. Select a destination to see the climate guide for all months of the year. Geochemical characteristics of groundwater in different climatic zones of Sri Lanka 0000002605 00000 n 0 <<71992EDE8AAE8549B87DEFF3E1458C4B>]>> In very generalized terms Sri Lanka's climate is tropical humid. In the higher regions of the island the forests are less dense, separated by grasslands. Natural Vegetation Sri Lanka's natural vegetation takes up a third of the islands land area. Colombo climate summary The Colombo lies on 12m above sea level The climate here is tropical. 0000002358 00000 n Among the eleven subfamilies recorded from Sri Lanka (Table 1) six were recorded from all four climatic zones. 479 0 obj <> endobj ��:���.`��$���c�=7�Eî��.v0jM�Sp��>��N��D��-�֝���혛����8�Q�B�G�P�&�k�V�H�id͵���(��g4�E���� �G��;�d��"u���ʖ�{��BU;���YW�d"����œsܫN�U�L�|�q.�&C�/��T��ǵ+2��e>��u,x*�.|���A��A��5���!����QP��d� �7- (`ll&Al �(`� b �B fˀH2 See more current weather × Annual Weather Averages in Kandy. According to Köppen and Geiger, this climate is classified as Af. The best time to visit the southwest region of Sri Lanka During this time, the weather is warm; the city of Galle on the southwestern tip enjoys an average high of 29°C (84°F) for example. Ł Inland water : 2905 Km. At present, Most of the hazards found in Sri Lanka are increasingly turning into disasters due to unfavourable human activities. In Sri Lanka’s First National Communication of 27 October 2000, it is noted that to effectively respond to anticipated climatic changes the existing adaptation measures need to be extended and action needs to be taken in other areas. Existing Passive Cooling Techniques in Bioclimatic Charts. In the higher There are 103 natural river basins in Sri Lanka, with a total length of about 4,500km (UNESCO and MoAIMD 2006). Climate Change and Sri Lanka Ajith Silva. The news that climate change will affect Sri Lanka’s weather will surprise very few these days. In the northwest, Mannar Island which is joined with the mainland by a bridge is almost connected to the southern India by a long chain of sandbanks and islets called Adam's Bridge. ����RH=ЃLi$�'��k@� ����� ���)��*�6c}�N.o��%��s�2�g��x�q�ےi�;�2ڠ�����H�10���\��u�8��8��kc!�ƻL>���Ҍ@�` kU� Groundwaters in these three zones are extracted mainly for drinking and irrigation from metamorphic hard rock aquifers and saprolite developed on metamorphic rocks. Samples were collected representing all the agro-climatic zones in Sri Lanka according to the availability. The coastal areas are cooled by sea breezes. km. Sri Lanka is characterized by well-demarcated climatic zones based on the rainfall pattern known as wet zone, dry zone and intermediate zone. The southwest region and the central hills of Sri Lanka have the most luxuriant forest cover. 0000001049 00000 n Climatic zones (dry, intermediate and wet zones) of Sri Lanka, arbitrarily demarcated based on the annual rainfall. Scattered clouds. ‪Rajarata University of Sri Lanka‬ - ‪Cited by 180‬ - ‪Irrigation and Water Management‬ - ‪Crop and Environmental Modelling‬ - ‪Climate change‬ Citations per year. Each estate has an average tree density of 64 palms per acre. 0000002682 00000 n %PDF-1.4 %���� Climatic zones of Sri Lanka Average temperature Dry zone 028 C Intermediate zone 024 - 26 C Wet zone 24 0 C Average Rainfall Dry zone < 1,750 mm Intermediate zone 1,750 - 2,500 mm Wet zone > … The average yearly temperature in Sri Lanka as a whole ranges from 28 to 32oC. They have rain during the southwest monsoon and constitutes the lowland rain forests up to an elevation about 900 meters. Sri Lanka is a tropical country with a year-round hot climate, moderated by oceanic winds. Bright, sunny warm days are the rule and are common even during the height of the monsoon. (Weather station: Kandy, Sri Lanka). The climax vegetation in most of the country is forest. Most of Sri Lanka's vegetation has been heavily depleted by deforestation. impact on major climatic zones of Sri Lanka. Best beaches line along the southern coast, southwestern coast and eastern coast. Topography. Groundwaters in these three zones are extracted mainly for drinking and irrigation from metamorphic hard rock aquifers and saprolite developed on metamorphic rocks. Two sites belonging to each of the three climatic zones of Sri Lanka (dry, intermediate, wet) encompassing the coconut triangle (Fig. Sri Lanka's climate includes tropical monsoons: the northeast monsoon (December to March), and the southwest monsoon (June to October). Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka experiences a typical bi-modal rainfall. On rainfall distribution, Sri Lanka has traditionally been classified into three climatic zones viz; the Wet Zone, Dry Zone and Intermediate Zone. The Sri Lanka-China Logistics and Industrial Zone, in the Hambantota region, is being developed primarily by Chinese investors and is expected to involve $5bn in funding, committed over a three- to five-year period. The country is located just north of the equator. Ministry of Environment & Wildlife Resources, +94 (0) 11 203 4198      +94 (0) 11 287 9968 Cercariae of trematodes in freshwater snails were studied in 1694 snails collected from rivers and streams in three climatic zones of Sri Lanka during 2005 to 2008. The nation is also further subdi-vided into 25 administrative districts, each having its own unit to promote agriculture, especially crop pro-duction. However, a recent study1 projecting rainfall distribution patterns in Sri Lanka for 2050 warns that climatic zones could shift. The largest river is the Mahaweli On rainfall distribution, Sri Lanka has traditionally been classified into three climatic zones viz; the Wet Zone, Dry Zone and Intermediate Zone. Based on mean annual rainfall, Sri Lanka has three climatic zones: wet (>2500mm mean annual rainfall), intermediate(1750–2500mm mean annual rainfall) and dry zone (<1750mm mean annual rainfall) (Punyawar-dena et al., 2003). However, the Yala monsoon brings abundant rainfall to the southwest region from May to September, and to November in some coastal cities. Climatic zones of Sri Lanka Average temperature Dry zone →28 0C Intermediate zone →24 - 26 0C Wet zone →24 0C Average Rainfall Dry zone →< 1,750 mm Intermediate zone →1,750-2,500 mm Wet zone →> 2,500 mm. Several hazards such as droughts, floods, earth slips, cyclones, lightning, tsunamis and earth quakes are some examples for such instances. The average annual temperature is 27.0 °C | 80.6 °F in Colombo. 2. 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