We can often recognize that a rock is metamorphic because it displays foliation, where increased _____ and _____ cause tabular minerals to _____. Confining pressure is measured in bars and ranges from 1 bar at sea level to around 10,000 bars at the base of the crust . Metamorphic evolution of an accretionary wedge can be constrained by a reconstructed P–T conditions of the oceanic and continental margin fragments. Metamorphic Reaction Mechanisms. The “typical” or average continental geotherm is from Brown and Mussett (1993). • In other words , A metamorphic reaction is a chemical reaction that takes place during the geological process of metamorphism wherein one Sillimanite nodule in a biotite gneiss. For metamorphic rocks, pressures range from a relatively low-pressure of 3,000 bars around 50,000 bars , which occurs around 15-35 kilometers below the surface. Metamorphic reactions Reactions in a kaolinite-quartz system. Some properties of water are evaluated, such as its dielectric constant and ionic product, at high pressures and temperatures. There are many ways to approach this question and the answer can sometimes be quite elusive. A metamorphic reaction is a chemical reaction that takes place during the geological process of metamorphism wherein one assemblage of minerals is transformed into a second assemblage which is stable under the new temperature/pressure conditions resulting in the final stable state of the observed metamorphic rock.. �����D��M���5���G�Ysܱy�[�Y Igneous and metamorphic petrology has over the last twenty years expanded rapidly into a broad, multifaceted and increasingly quantitative science. 0000033745 00000 n This paper deals with the metamorphic overprinting of the Inner Western Carpathians (IWC) Meliatic Triassic–Jurassic paleotectonic units after the closure of the Neotethyan Meliata Basin. 1 0 obj This book is for senior undergraduate or postgraduate students who want an insight into some modern approaches to metamorphic petrology. This observation led to the conclusion that deformation plays an important role in enhancing metamorphic reactions with more favourable kinetics or faster diffusion (Koons et al., 1987). 0000000754 00000 n This is called a pseudosection. The role of water in metamorphic reactions is stressed again. Metamorphic processes also commonly drive deformation. 0000000667 00000 n The sillimanite grew by the reaction muscovite + quartz = sillimanite + K-feldspar + H 2 O. Deriving and Balancing Metamorphic Reactions Dexter Perkins (University of North Dakota) A four page summary (Acrobat (PDF) 33kB Jul31 … Winter (2010) An Introduction to Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology. JMG 2001 x��[[S�F~���Џr��_�2����dB��B�>�샰e�Ė�%BM~o~Ȟ�2����/I߹����\PBsJ)�•҄iNɪҌ�B+~��ŷJ�M%s�P�qfs��2o�W��,Pgu��(y��sʷԢҫ��o�>/� ��-.�%��MӔ��y�^��Ѯ�� 轊쯢�9�DP���f�y�8P|N���ރ�@�9�[��!踽^�M�DB^_!&��Gw�*�e�O�ӊa�a�;��q��̖V� #7���нg�I�4���R��@+ E�'$>1��eQ\���-Ɏ`F��tVu�pJ���l��߽u�7fMn5*���P�T��{Rn���>�5�E�^Sx��1:��r^����~����2���*��O�Q�C4"S4�F��C�Z�0sO�K� ������V}, �+��*���vٗ�9�����=Y�6:��2��&�����dO�tb��2�ɩT�UO�vV�d1�W%��+����AV�1^���ߪ�Y�� �����Y"�u;�Y��f'^��3j=�2}�>�����?��*�dr ���{�@�^;����_i��:��w��KZ(wrK0r�t�@�:�~j��%�è���@�E�!73�������u����y���{�|?�ѡ�(ۓ���y"3dP��H/���p�.�����|A����s����lV�y��W�y ��D�.��\u��Hp��i:�4�P!c%b LM�q|�2X1a���$Ą�Q�һUXd�/�Ѕ�^{����~�"5�L�b�3��b�i|�.Hs����k����+��g�/GM.��%_V�s���I5��+�/��;3���[����� �;��(���z�ҥ/=�x�N� �L�c�y�4�\��-h���+,X�������xe���OK(�f <> uR�E �L�*y~ ���m�|H.n��?���ȇ����?��U��j#r�-h��g�ͽ�ԁ=�[�uɲ&9h=o�<>� ���N2k���S=h�/�A�{�M�{�\wB "u*��&8�i@�Yן${���7gn ��:i-���Ym�ByP} *S�%�������!��8mPp] �9�wvu�j�������M��b"�H�E(��P�>x���[.zuw���˩�6+�|��5��?�g��a��Y�֘�v ����94� As we discussed previously, the fluid phase plays an important role in metamorphic reactions. <> 0000000981 00000 n Author(s) W. S. Fyfe; A very simple mineralogical system and its response to changing pressure and temperature provide a good illustration of what occurs in metamorphism.An uncomplicated sediment at Earth’s surface, a mixture of the clay mineral kaolinite [Al 4 Si 4 O 10 (OH) 8] and the mineral quartz (SiO 2), provides a good example. Metamorphic Minerals / Reactions The mineral assemblages that occur in metamorphic rocks depend on four factors: The bulk chemical composition of the original rock. Metamorphic Reactions Chapter 14B Univariant Reaction Lines • The grid define stability limits – End-member minerals – Mineral assemblages • More thermodynamic data is needed to construct a useful grid Isograds • Mark the intersection of the ground with a Univariant reaction curve • Example: cordierite reaction to Mg-Fe garnet defines the garnet isograd The simplest metamorphic reaction involves polymorphic transformation of minerals as P or T changes. It is a section through the positions of mineral reactions in P-T-X space at fixed X. Polymorphic phase transformation. These chemical reactions will cause new minerals to form. The pressure reached during metamorphism. Prentice Hall. H�\U T����{��A� ��� �@pA�-2���ckQ� ��`�rܫ5�� ��h0�F�iH��5.Qm�[��*GQ��(������˘�$����y�}�}������W ����~�Ge�5�jzNavQ���d�:��s[�}�y����/�Q����g���sOG}�؝�g�x!`��N�7��a�ŋ����. Freeman. 0000001303 00000 n stream 0000033606 00000 n 32 0 obj << /Linearized 1 /O 34 /H [ 754 248 ] /L 524941 /E 67776 /N 4 /T 524183 >> endobj xref 32 16 0000000016 00000 n P-T phase diagram for the reaction Ms + Qtz = Kfs ... – A free PowerPoint PPT presentation (displayed as a Flash slide show) on PowerShow.com - id: 3fd750-YTdiZ Not only are fluid components necessary to form any hydrous or carbonate minerals, but the fluid phase can act as a catalyst for metamorphic reactions. 4 0 obj �@Ɯ�\8uˁ�w����2�z���~q�,�@��wl����Qe��(��f-J/`+K�*|�$o�I��k��aq5��tO��-9u�;�ᱺĕ�8�u�EYy�ܢ�x�E9��O)l�d��x�7�D�u�HQ���ۍ~F�7��.+�D_�C.S�BS�� �ɪ�׫y�K� =-�����cJ����ծ\ �.3D��J��I��&���������~��6Th�Ѕ�g�k�7mxb��WC�55�'�lY����X,�ܦ@V�\-㛳���έ:����ĺ�aZs9� GLY 2010L Metamorphic Rocks HCC Ybor Campus Student Response Worksheet Part A: Classification: 1. Reaction: 2 KMg 3 AlSi 3 O 10 (OH) 2 + 6 KAl 2 AlSi 3 O 10 (OH) 2 + 15 SiO 2 Bt Ms Qtz = 3 Mg 2 Al 4 Si 5 O 18 + 8 KAlSi 3 O 8 + 8 H 2 O Crd Kfs Metamorphic Facies drive metamorphic reactions, by causing a change in the chemical conditions of the rock, such as the pressure or temperature. trailer << /Size 48 /Info 31 0 R /Root 33 0 R /Prev 524173 /ID[] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 33 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 20 0 R /JT 30 0 R /PageLabels 19 0 R >> endobj 46 0 obj << /S 98 /L 151 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 47 0 R >> stream 3�< F �k >Fmԣ�v���0֢�3�-Vg{��d�� W���\�I���=CCT�ag�����^R,��n=L�\�k�:�d�����ԁ\ ��Xf";��-����1HFbb=Τ�׾�bY(cá�����L�C�� ,�8/��۫��R|B��3 )� 0000002498 00000 n Metamorphic pseudosections Can extent this by calculating the positions of these reactions for the exact bulk-rock composition of the sample we are looking at. Contents. Metamorphic reactions are divided into solid-solid, volatile-involving and melting reactions. O) and, – transport and exchange of substances and heat between domains where such reactions take place Metamorphic petrology covers the chemical and physical work done in natural systems in response to changing physical conditions. Metamorphic mineral reactions: Porphyroblast, corona and symplectite growth FRED GAIDIES1,*, R. MILKE2, W. HEINRICH3 and R. ABART4 1 Department of Earth Sciences, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada, e-mail: Fred.Gaidies@carleton.ca 2 Instiute of Geological Sciences, Free University Berlin, Malteserstr. 0000001156 00000 n Chapter 26: Metamorphic Reactions. <> 0000002970 00000 n Add to Citation Manager. 0000002931 00000 n 0000064951 00000 n 2 0 obj • The chemical reactions involved in metamorphism are relatively slow • The longer the metamorphic event lasts the larger the grain size • It is thought that coarse grained metamorphic rocks took millions of years to form • But temperature, pressure and fluid content are more important 0000001942 00000 n Metamorphic Reactions and Metamorphic Facies Author(s) W. S. Fyfe; W. S. Fyfe Search for other works by this author on: GSW. ��梟��qd.�x����2\ŕz3?�Ri�.Ԇ�F��٘:R�-�}P�x�p�.�h*�`9hdL)X��� �e�H;�Xn�q�)e�.�i�b���#��pD4y�f��l�uXÚ ȋ{�tu�. Petrogenetic processes such as recrystallization, continuous and discontinuous reactions, mixed volatile reactions and deformation are addressed. Metamorphic Facies and Metamorphosed Mafic Rocks l V.M. Metamorphic Reactions 1 Metamorphic Reactions and Stable Assemblages Metamorphic Lecture 3 Eskola and Metamorphic Facies • Eskola (1914, 1915) noted that metapelitic rocks in southern Finland (Orijärvi) contained the assemblage Bt-Ms whereas near Oslo, rocks contained the compositionally equivalent mineral assemblage Kf-Cd Boundaries are approximate and gradational. This leads to a closer study of systems containing water, which are discussed in Chapter IV. •The principles of metamorphism are strongly related to the principles of chemical reactions. [�S�9VpF�N���Uu�w��2�����Ak������n��C�e5+|U4~� iJrq3�ړ�p�ᙾ]t�M^-}���"��" �V�}$B"�V�l�#����j������/����J��SZ,�cX��~�I��*��~QG���=��đ��s*�{�ukv�R�ӏ5���= ��{� Prograde Metamorphism – this is the transformation of lower grade metamorphic rocks to higher grade ones due to an increase in temperature and pressure. • Mineral- and rock-forming metamorphic processes are mainly controlled by the same parameters that control chemical reactions. endstream endobj 42 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 28435 /Length1 45936 >> stream Metamorphic Facies and Metamorphosed Mafic Rocks Reading: Winter Chapter 25. The most important metamorphic polymorphs are in the Al2SiO5 system, the minerals andalusite, kyanite, and sillimanite. endobj All papers deal with natural processes that <>/XObject<>/Pattern<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 2556 1620] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S>> Metamorphic Reactions * * Fig. 0000001002 00000 n Type of metamorphic reactions. More recent studies have highlighted the important role of frac- 0000002718 00000 n Prograde reactions liberate H 2 O and CO 2 from the metamorphic body. %���� Prograde metamorphic reactions. PDF Link PDF. From Understanding Earth, Press and Siever. The composition of any fluid phase that was present during metamorphism. Small amounts of muscovite in the foliation are still present, so the reaction did not run to completion. Metamorphic Facies Fig. Add to Citation Manager. Temperature-pressure diagram showing the generally accepted limits of the various facies used in this text. %PDF-1.3 %���� Deriving and Balancing Metamorphic Reactions Dexter Perkins (University of North Dakota) Given a list of minerals, how do we determine all the possible reactions that can occur between them? 2. Examples include the production of talc under varied metamorphic conditions: The first five deal with more theoretical aspects of the kinetics and mechanisms of meta­ morphic reactions, and the next six consider the interdependence of defor­ mation and metamorphism. 25.2. H����?�pi��8b��Vhu,�j$1��[�yU��f�;�c������N�Du89P�,Fg�m�:b!��WwB�4F������o6��q��֓��������n�b^4�ȼX͎[� The temperature reached during metamorphism. Medium to high-pressure and … PREFACE. 1 3 0 obj F. J ... PDF Link PDF. Google Scholar. as Allochemical metamorphism and in this case the metamorphic system is said to be open, allowing exchange of material. The fourth volume in this series consists of eleven chapters. endobj endobj H�b```f``�������� Ā B@1��hw�� L�>̞ �a5Q;۵S�5c�R��]{8:@D��T�������b>�����7P[����!~��q��K60:�i +�g`��� �(O endstream endobj 47 0 obj 136 endobj 34 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 20 0 R /Resources 35 0 R /Contents 41 0 R /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /CropBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Rotate 0 >> endobj 35 0 obj << /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] /Font << /TT2 37 0 R /TT4 36 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 43 0 R >> /ColorSpace << /Cs6 40 0 R >> >> endobj 36 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 186 /Widths [ 250 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 333 333 0 564 250 333 0 0 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 0 500 0 0 0 564 564 0 0 722 667 667 722 0 556 722 722 333 0 722 611 889 722 722 556 722 0 556 611 722 0 944 722 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 444 500 444 500 444 333 500 500 278 0 500 278 778 500 500 500 500 333 389 278 500 500 722 500 500 444 0 0 0 541 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 444 444 350 500 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 400 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 310 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /CEFEDI+TimesNewRoman /FontDescriptor 39 0 R >> endobj 37 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 148 /Widths [ 250 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 333 333 0 570 250 333 0 0 500 500 500 500 500 500 0 0 500 0 333 0 0 570 0 0 0 722 667 722 722 667 611 778 778 389 0 778 667 944 722 778 611 0 722 556 667 722 0 1000 0 0 667 0 0 0 0 0 0 500 556 444 556 444 333 500 556 278 0 556 278 833 556 500 556 556 444 389 333 556 500 722 500 500 444 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 500 500 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /CEFEAP+TimesNewRoman,Bold /FontDescriptor 38 0 R >> endobj 38 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 891 /CapHeight 0 /Descent -216 /Flags 34 /FontBBox [ -558 -307 2034 1026 ] /FontName /CEFEAP+TimesNewRoman,Bold /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 133 /FontFile2 42 0 R >> endobj 39 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 891 /CapHeight 0 /Descent -216 /Flags 34 /FontBBox [ -568 -307 2028 1007 ] /FontName /CEFEDI+TimesNewRoman /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 0 /FontFile2 44 0 R >> endobj 40 0 obj [ /ICCBased 45 0 R ] endobj 41 0 obj << /Length 2035 /Filter /FlateDecode >> stream Rn�'���[�m�#��K��;��1Z�#��9��N����B��$����׾K^~�-��o(e���!H�&�O�(�rr�vr�J��e�=ƀ5�S/Pg7�"��=����y[���%_��iy�����=���sБ�r�+_fp�b��S���������t,4ð���|�.�g�tp�jK����2�1��ʩ�}nB'/���.�ȳ��V��j��C1�:�4wH�V�"6V8�S�ëy�n)��2�O��FP��DbmMĀAf��c�끍m��ŀ-���X�ے�\ q`�-[ɻ��3C������Xțt�yk� �����aS��hE"Ȁ=�D�;i�̂}�g�i JH�&x�u�xhp��eU��lkE�� �T���i�o�E�@5(�(!O��f�j'��,��ݡ*��n��Ph���Ca 4���o����R:p��� &L�B��+��yW���v�^�c� �',v�nH[�C��@ �ƺ(���ܵ�Y{�{�-WM ����0[�U��y��.��7���B)ԈR�ol����gVI{�p��u��[J �2LM�6�p���i"F�i���>���n�tq����e��Oz��,��b�/���qH�C 0000005080 00000 n Most metamorphic petrologists agree that the simplicity of patterns observed during dehydration reactions of noncarbonate sediments and loss of CO 2 from highly calcareous sediments suggests that partial pressures of the dominant gases and total pressures (load pressure) acting in the system are not completely independent. metamorphic minerals is commonly localized in shear zones. Metamorphic Rock Types There are two major subdivisions of metamorphic … 26-2 with the equilibrium curve contoured for various values of pH2O Figure 26-2. • Metamorphic processes can be viewed as a combination of; – chemical reactions between minerals and between minerals and gasses, liquids and fluids (mainly H. 2. If we treat isograds as reactions, we can: • Understand what physical variables might affect the location of a particular isograd • We may also be able to estimate the P-T-X conditions that an isograd represents. zchemical reactions take place more rapidly in the presence of fluids, but if the fluids are driven off during prograde metamorphism, they will not be available to speed up reactions during retrograde metamorphism. sz��D;�w ��� H��W�r۶}�W���D� �L�$�����yH�@K��F]����F/���eI��LG�� ���k/�x]2� ��z���撓�z�ͤ ZJj� �8j�!�q��%�]����^L&;'�#n�����z�4UFqb2M��}�1j�$���cFc�L����LFɅo�EY��S�_�O��\�����f��H�5y��.�i��l]��\0����Q&�j}�28�B��}��6�K ͒�W����_&ߏ�N��7#N�G~ ~hGg䂼����T� ���r"�Ư���J��\^�� Advances in geochemistry, geochronology, and geophysics, as well as the appearance of new analytical tools, have all contributed to new ways of thinking about the origin and evolution of magmas, and the processes driving metamorphism. 12 Guiraud et al. %PDF-1.5 Download Metamorphic Reactions PDF EPUB FB2 MOBI RTF. 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