( 4 × 5 = 20 ) Question 27. A unique example of this type is Zostera mariana (a submerged marine perennial) in which pollen grains are long (up to 250pm) and needle-like resembling pollen tubes. 1. Pollen grains are light weight and non-sticky; Stigama is feathery. Flowers do not produce nector and fragrance. Vallisneria. a Young spadix (spathe removed), retinacules enclosing anthers, bar: 1 mm. Q 6. While taking nectar its breast becomes laden with numerous pollen grains, some of which get deposited on the stigma of the flower when it visits next. Because pollen grains have no power of independent movement. ( Pollination is the mechanism to achieve this objective ). Give one example each. d Anther dehiscence and pollen release commencing at base of spadix, bar: 1 mm How Vallisneria and Seagrasses achieve pollination? How Vallisneria and seagrasses achieve pollination. Explain how some plants are adapted for achieving pollination through wind. Which of the following is not a water pollinated plant? Q 4. Give the features of these plants to facilitate pollination. State the advantages of vivipary over ovipary. 2. Q 5. Fruits mature under the water. Hydrophilous pollination in Phyllospadix 69 Fig. pollination, the following types of cross pollination are recognised. Wind pollination is common in grasses and water pollination in vallisneria. Differentiate between zoospores and conidia. 2. Because of the specific gravity of these pollen they freely float at any depth, The male plant bears a large number of minute male flowers in a small spadix surrounded by a spathe and borne on a short stalk, whereas the female plant bears … Question 5. Comparatively small and unattractive. 11. Pollination takes place on the surface of the water with free-floating male flowers tipping into the surface depression created by the larger, attached female flowers. In replicated plots of 1 m 2, the vegetation canopy was removed in gaps of zero (control), 25%, 50% and … Explain the mechanism of pollination in water plants like vallisneria and sea grass (Zostera). 5. How do sponge and Penicillium reproduce? There is no natural death in single-celled organisms why? c Retinacules diverged, bar: 5 mm. Adaptation in anemophillous flowers to achieve pollination. The bat holds the flower by clasping the stamen ball to its breast. Grasses. In vallisneria, the female flowers reach the surface of water by the long stalk and the male flowers are released onto the surface of water. (2 marks each) Q 1. underwater pollination referred to as hyphydrophily, e.g., Ceratophyllum, Majus, Zostera. Based on the agents involved ¡n cross. (3) Transfer of pollen grains ... of water pollinated plants are Vallisneria and Hydrilla which grow in fresh water and several marine sea-grasses such as Zostera. Explain the importance of syngamy and meiosis in a sexual life cycle of an organism. Answer: Types of cross pollination: Cross pollination is always brought about by some external ágentÅ¡. Flowering plants have developed certain outbreeding device to discourage self-pollination and to encourage cross – pollination . Answer: Pollination brought about by the agency of wind is called anemophily. (a) Zostera (b) Vallisneria (c) Hydrilla (d) cannabis 6. Answer: 1. Phyllospadix scouleri, details of male spadix. ... some of them reach the stigma and achieve pollination. The hydrophilous seagrass Posidonia australis has a wide range of multilocus outcrossing rates (t), which vary from 0 to 0.89, with “apparent” outcrossing rates varying from 0 to 0.42 among the seven populations sampled.This pattern of outcrossing rate indicates that water pollination (hydrophily) is less uniform than wind pollination and more similar to animal pollination in its variability. 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