Parthenocarpy can also be artificially induced by the application of certain plant hormones, specially, auxin and gibberellins. (ii) Biotic agents (a) Entomophily : When pollination is brought about by the agency of insects, it is known as entomophily or insect pollination. and carpels are found in different flowers. Water pollination (hydrophily) Water-pollinated plants are aquatic and pollen is released into the water. Hypohydrophily occurs below the surface of water, e.g., Zostera, Ceratophyllum. This type of endosperm is found in gamopetalae group, e.g., Petunia, Datura. Some common examples found in nature are : Citrus, banana, etc. The cells proximal to this zone undergo rapid elongation and enlargement and are responsible for growth of the root in length. 15. Their flowers tend to be small and inconspicuous with lots of pollen … Get to the point KVPY (Kishore Vaigyanik Protsahan Yojana) Stream-SA (Class 11) Biology questions for your exams. Callistemon (Bottle brush) is pollinated by birds and is an example of ornithophily. About 80% pollination occurs … Dioecious plant : When male and female flowers are borne on different plants. ... epihydrophily. Unisexuality can be of two types: Monoecious plant : When male and female flowers are borne on the same plant. They are found worldwide and can be forested. Self incompatibility is a phenomenon in which genetic mechanism of flower prevents the fusion of gametes ... 2. The mesophyll and bundle sheath cells are in ... Vallisneria shows adaptation for epihydrophily. drop roots. A few mm above the root cap, meristematic zone is present which consists of small, thin walled cells with dense protoplasm.These cells divide repeatedly. Vallisneria and Ruppia. But if ovary develops into fruit, without fertilisation, it is called parthenocarpic fruit. Examples: Vallisneria spiralis, Elodea. Such fruits are generally seedless. (i) Epihydrophily:- When the pollination takes place on the surface of water is called epihydrophily e.g. e.g., Vallisneria (Ribbon weed). Vallisnaria -epihydrophily. In sea grass like Zostera the pollen grains are filiform and the density of pollen grains is equal to the density of water. Ceratophyllum, Najas Zostera and Hydrilla. e.g. CELLULAR ENDOSPERM. Hydrophylly is of two types— hypohydrophily and epihydrophily. The milky fluid, found in green coconut, is an example of nuclear endosperm, which is called liquid syncytium. There are two types of hydrophily, Epihydrophily and Hypohydrophily. In Zostera, the marine angiosperm (Sea Grass), the pollen grains are long ribon-like (upto 2500 mm) and without exine. e.g., Maize, Cucurbits, Castor. e.g., Carica papaya, Cannabis. a. Epihydrophily: Pollination occurs at the water level. 2. Water currents therefore act as a pollen vector in a similar way to wind currents. In most of the hydrophilous flowers, the pollen grains possesses mucilage covering which protects them from wetting. Epihydrophily : Plants which are pollinated outside the water. Epihydrophily : When the pollination takes place on the surface of water, i.e., Vallisneria and Ruppia. Example: the prairie potholes of the US. Salvia is insect pollinated and is an example … In Val/isneria pollination occurs outside water called epihydrophily. Reproduction: Questions 53-60 of 119. Epihydrophily takes place over the surface of water, e.g., Vallisneria. (ii) Hypohydrophily:- When the pollination takes– place inside the water is called hypohydrophily. Plants have pains takingly evolved pollination mechanisms to keep the gene pool of each species undiluted disallowing any foreign pollen to germinate on a stigma. 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